Process of Neurotransmissi.
Question:
Answers:
The quantity of neurotransmitters in the terminals is kept relatively constant and independent of nerve activity by tight regulation of neurotransmitter formation. Regulation varies among neurons and is achieved by modifying precursor uptake or the activity of enzymes involved in neurotransmitter synthesis or destruction. Stimulation or blockade of postsynaptic receptors can decrease or increase presynaptic neurotransmitter synthesis.
Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft, bind briefly to receptors, and activate them, causing physiologic responses. Depending on the receptor, the response may be excitatory (ie, initiating a new action potential) or inhibitory (ie, inhibiting the development of a new action potential).
The neurotransmitter-receptor interaction must be terminated quickly so that the same receptors can be rapidly activated repeatedly. The neurotransmitter is quickly pumped back into the presynaptic nerve terminals by active processes (reuptake), is destroyed by enzymes near the receptors, or diffuses into the surrounding area and is destroyed.
Abnormalities of neurotransmitter synthesis, storage, release, or degradation or changes in the number and affinity of receptors can affect neurotransmission and cause clinical disorders
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