what is scarvis?what causes it?i may misspell it.?
Question:
Answers:
Scurvy. Condition caused by lack of vitamin C in your diet. It can cause your gums to bleed but fairly rare in developed countries. If you get enough citrus foods, you shouldn't get scurvy. Read the following link cause it has an interesting history.
http://www.reference.com/browse/wiki/Scurvy
Other Answers:
Background: Scurvy is the clinical state arising from dietary deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Historically, scurvy is an ancient disease. The Egyptians recorded the symptoms as early as 1550 BC. Epidemics were witnessed during the Renaissance era (16th-18th century), at which time scurvy was the scourge of the sea explorers. In 1746, James Lind, a British naval surgeon, established the fact that oranges and lemons were effective in curing scurvy. The incidence among the British sailors sharply declined upon routine provision of lemon juice on board. During the 19th century, people who experienced the Great Potato Famine, armies of the Crimean War and American Civil War, Arctic explorers, and California Gold Rush communities were prominent victims of scurvy on land.
Francis Glisson reported the earliest case of infantile scurvy in 1650 after observing it among infants with rickets. After that, infantile scurvy was not reported for another 200 years. By the end of the 19th century, infantile scurvy was readily recognized and frequently observed in Britain and the United States. The increased incidence of infantile scurvy was attributed to the consumption of heated milk and proprietary foods deficient in vitamin C.
In 1912, Holst and Frolisch induced and cured scurvy in guinea pigs through dietary modification. This practice of supplementing the diet of infants receiving heated formulas with fresh fruit or vegetable juices eventually led to the eradication of infantile scurvy in the United States.
Pathophysiology: Vitamin C deficiency results in impaired collagen synthesis. The typical pathological manifestations of vitamin C deficiency are noted in dentine, osteoid, and capillary vessel wall tissues. Pathological changes are a function of the rate of growth of the affected tissues; hence, the bone changes are often observed only in infants during periods of rapid bone growth.
Defective collagen synthesis leads to defective dentine formation, hemorrhaging into the gums, and loss of teeth. Hemorrhaging is a hallmark feature of scurvy and can occur in any organ. Hair follicles are one of the common sites of cutaneous bleeding.
Bone involvement is typical for infantile scurvy. The bony changes occur at the junction between the end of the diaphysis and growth cartilage. Osteoblasts fail to form osteoid (bone matrix), resulting in cessation of endochondral bone formation. Calcification of the growth cartilage at the end of the long bones continues, leading to the thickening of the growth plate. The typical invasion of the growth cartilage by the capillaries does not occur. Preexisting bone becomes brittle and undergoes resorption at a normal rate, resulting in microscopic fractures of the spicules between the shaft and calcified cartilage. With these fractures, the periosteum becomes loosened resulting in the classic subperiosteal hemorrhage at the ends of the long bones. Intra-articular hemorrhage is rare, because the periosteal attachment to the growth plate is very firm.
Frequency:
In the US: Currently, scurvy occurs very rarely in the United States. Patients who are elderly or alcoholic and who subsist on diets devoid of fresh fruits and vegetables are vulnerable. Infants on restrictive diets because of medical, economic, or social reasons are vulnerable as well. Occurrence of scurvy is uncommon in those younger than 7 months.
Internationally: International occurrence is unknown.
Mortality/Morbidity:
Sudden death due to cardiac failure is reported in infants and adults.
Predominant morbidity is a result of hemorrhage into various tissues. Subperiosteal hemorrhage in the tibia and femur cause excruciating pain.
Race: No racial predilection exists.
Sex: No sexual preponderance exists.
Age: Scurvy can occur at any age. The majority of cases of infantile scurvy occur when the infant is aged 6-24 months. Scurvy is uncommon in the neonatal period.
Source(s):
http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2073.htm
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